The social and economic effects of earthquakes include:
- Disruption of business supply chains, increases in the cost of goods and services, and declines in productivity, often causing local and regional businesses to fail or relocate.
- Rise in insurance costs for certain types of buildings susceptible to earthquake damage; earthquake damaged buildings may also become uninsurable.
- Loss of housing options, especially for low-income residents.
- Changes to neighborhoods, as residents often must relocate.
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